1. Home
  2. Vol 1, No 1 (2022)
  3. Nahwandi

The Accuracy of Modified Gunter's Quadrant (Ver.2) in Prayer Time Calculation

M. Syaoqi Nahwandi(1), Ahmad Izzuddin(2),


(1) IAIN Syekh Nurjati Cirebon
(2) UIN Walisongo Semarang
Corresponding Author

Abstract


Gunter's Quadrant is the work of Edmund Gunter in modifying the Horary Quadrant but cannot be used to accommodate the needs of Muslims in knowing prayer times. In previous research, the author has developed the Modified Gunter's Quadrant (ver.1) which can be used for calculating prayer times and has succeeded in improving the basic design of Gunter's Quadrant so that it can be made for latitudes near the equator. However, the Modified Gunter's Quadrant (ver.1) produces curves that look broken and the accuracy of the calculation results still needs to be improved because the hour curves interval is 15 minutes. The method of research used is Development Research which becomes a further development of the Modified Gunter's Quadrant (ver.1) to eliminate deficiencies in the projection concept of the hour and azimuth curves and to improve the accuracy of the calculation results of prayer times. The result of this research is the Modified Gunter's Quadrant (ver.2) which has a better curve projection method and improved accuracy with hour curve intervals of 5 minutes. The results of the accuracy test show that the Modified Gunter's Quadrant (ver.2) deserves to be used as one of the classical instruments for calculating prayer times with a maximum error of 0h 0m 53s.


Keywords


Modified Gunter’s Quadrant, Prayer Times, Calculation, Accuracy.

References


BIBLIOGRAPHY

al-H{isni>, Taqiy al-Di>n Abu> Bakr bin Muhammad al-H{usaini>, Kifa>yah al-Akhya>r fi> H{all Gha>yah al-Ikhtis}a>r, Libanon: Dar al-Kutub al-‘Ilmiyah, 2001

al-Naesa>bu>ry, Nizha>m al-Di>n al-Hasan bin Muhammad bin Husain al-Kummy, Tafsi>r Ghara>ib al-Qur’a>n wa Ragha>ib al-Fur’qa>n, Beirut- Libanon: Dar al-Kutub al-Alamiah,t.t., Vol. II

al-Sijista>ni>, Abu Dawu>d Sulaima>n ibn al-Asy‘as al-Azdi>, Sunan Abu> Da>wu>d, Riyad: Maktabah Da>r al-Ma’a>rif, 2003

al-Suyu>t}i>, Jala>l al-Di>n Abd al-Rahma>n, Al-Asyba>h wa al-Nad|a>ir, Riyad: Maktabah Niza>r al-Ba>z, 1997

Bennett, J. A., The Divided Circle: A History of Instruments for Astronomy Navigation and Surveying, Oxford: Phaidon Inc. Ltd, 1987

Gunter, Edmund, Canon Triangulorum, Sive Tabulæ Sinuum et Tangentium Artificialium ad Radium 10000,0000.& ad Scrupula Prima Quadrantis, London: William Jones, 1620

Gunter, Edmund, the Description and Use of the Sector, Cross-Staff, and other Instruments, London: William Iones, 1636

Hambali, Slamet, Ilmu Falak 1: Penentuan Awal Waktu Salat dan Arah Kiblat Seluruh Dunia, Semarang: Program Pascasarjana IAIN Walisongo, Ed. I, 2011

Heather, J. F., A Treatise on Mathematical Instruments, London: George Woodfall and Son, 1849

Izzuddin, Ahmad, Fiqih Hisab Rukyat, Jakarta: Penerbit Erlangga, 2007

Kementerian Agama RI, Al-Qur’an dan Terjemahannya, Bandung: Jabal, 2010

King, David A., Islamic Astronomy, London: British Museum Press,1999

Meeus, Jean, Astronomical Algorithms, Virginia: Willmann-Bell Inc., 1998

Morrison, James E., The Astrolabe, Cambridge: Janus Publishing Company, 2007

Nahwandi, M. Syaoqi, Modifikasi Gunter’s Quadrant sebagai Instrument Hisab Awal Waktu Shalat, Abstract, Master Thesis, UIN Walisongo Semarang, 2019

Roegel, Denis, “A Construction of Gunter’s Canon Triangulorum”, Research Report INRIA, No: 005439382010

Roy, A. E. et.al, Astronomy: Principles and Practices, Bristol: Adam Hilger Ltd., 1977

Sangwin, C. J., Edmund Gunter and The Sector, Oxford: Oxford University Press., 2001

Shihab, M. Quraish, Tafsir Al-Misbah, Vol. 8, Jakarta: Lentera Hati, Ed. 1, 2002

Stanley, R. Darren, Quadrant Constructions and Applications in Western Europe during the Early Renaissance, Master Thesis, Simon Fraser University, Wellington, 1994

Stenstrom, Guy O., Surveying Ready Reference Manual, New York: McGraw–Hill, 1987

Waters, David W., The Art of Navigation in England in Elizabethan and Early Stuart Times, New Haven: Yale University Press, 1958


Full Text: PDF (66-87)

Article Metrics

Abstract View : 300 times
PDF (66-87) Download : 154 times

DOI: 10.57235/ijrael.v1i1.78

DOI (PDF (66-87)): https://doi.org/10.57235/ijrael.v1i1.78.g73

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Copyright (c) 2022 M. Syaoqi Nahwandi, Ahmad Izzuddin

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.