Isu-Isu Ketenagakerjaan di Bidang Pelayaran yang Memicu Permasalahan Nasional dan Internasional: Kajian Berdasarkan Literatur

Authors

  • Dinar Sepbelawati Institut Transportasi dan Logistik Trisakti
  • Anggi Kanza Saphira Tobing Institut Transportasi dan Logistik Trisakti
  • Rizky Bimo Aji Institut Transportasi dan Logistik Trisakti
  • Pipit Juniar Listyanto wicaksono Institut Transportasi dan Logistik Trisakti
  • Sarinah Sihombing Institut Transportasi dan Logistik Trisakti

Keywords:

Isu Ketenagakerjaan Maritim, Penempatan Awak Kapal, Ketidaksesuaian Kompetensi, Manajemen Reputasi, Manajemen Sumber Daya Manusia

Abstract

Artikel ini mengkaji isu-isu ketenagakerjaan utama dalam sektor pelayaran yang menimbulkan tantangan di tingkat nasional maupun internasional. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi dan menganalisis permasalahan utama terkait keterlambatan penempatan awak kapal, ketidaksesuaian kompetensi (skill mismatch), dan penurunan reputasi perusahaan, serta dampaknya terhadap kinerja operasional maritim. Metode yang digunakan adalah tinjauan literatur berdasarkan berbagai studi yang diterbitkan pada tahun 2020 hingga 2025, dengan fokus pada temuan yang mengungkap akar penyebab dan pengaruh isu ketenagakerjaan di perusahaan pelayaran. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa keterlambatan penempatan awak kapal umumnya disebabkan oleh hambatan administratif, perencanaan SDM yang kurang memadai, dan lemahnya komunikasi antara operator kapal dan manajemen. Skill mismatch diketahui menghambat produktivitas dan meningkatkan risiko keselamatan akibat ketidaksesuaian antara perkembangan teknologi dan kompetensi tenaga kerja. Selain itu, pengelolaan ketenagakerjaan yang kurang optimal berkontribusi pada penurunan reputasi perusahaan, yang memengaruhi kepercayaan pelanggan dan hubungan dengan regulator. Secara keseluruhan, penelitian ini menemukan bahwa penguatan proses SDM, penyelarasan kompetensi dengan kebutuhan posisi, dan peningkatan manajemen reputasi sangat penting untuk meningkatkan daya saing dan stabilitas operasional industri pelayaran.

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Published

2026-04-16

Issue

Vol. 5 No. 1 (2026): April 2026

Section

Articles

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