Faktor-Faktor yang Berhubungan Dengan Kejadian Hipotensi Intraoperatif pada Pasien Dengan Spinal Anestesi di RSUD dr. H. Moch Ansari Saleh Banjarmasin
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.57235/jetish.v5i2.8835Keywords:
Hipotensi Intraoperatif, Spinal anestesi, Faktor Risiko.Abstract
Hipotensi intraoperatif merupakan komplikasi yang sering terjadi setelah spinal anestesi dan berisiko menyebabkan gangguan perfusi organ. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis hubungan lokasi penusukan, jenis obat spinal anestesi, posisi pasien setelah spinal anestesi, usia, dan indeks massa tubuh (IMT) dengan kejadian hipotensi intraoperatif pada pasien yang menjalani spinal anestesi di RSUD dr. H. Moch Ansari Saleh Banjarmasin. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain analitik observasional dengan pendekatan cross sectional pada 101 pasien yang dipilih menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Data diperoleh melalui observasi dan dokumentasi rekam medis lalu dianalisis menggunakan uji Chi-Square dengan tingkat signifikansi p<0,05. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya hubungan signifikan antara lokasi penusukan (p=0,037), jenis obat spinal anestesi (p=0,003), posisi pasien setelah spinal anestesi (p=0,009), usia pasien (p=0,004), dan IMT pasien (p=0,003) dengan kejadian hipotensi intraoperatif. Hipotensi lebih banyak terjadi pada pasien dengan lokasi penusukan selain L3–L4, penggunaan anestesi lokal hiperbarik, posisi supine, usia 56–65 tahun, dan IMT 25–29,9 kg/m². Faktor teknik spinal anestesi dan karakteristik pasien berhubungan dengan kejadian hipotensi intraoperatif. Identifikasi faktor risiko sebelum tindakan anestesi diperlukan untuk mendukung pemantauan hemodinamik dan pencegahan hipotensi untuk meningkatkan keselamatan pasien.
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