Dilema Kepatuhan Aparatur Lini Depan Keimigrasian: Aplikasi Protection Motivation Theory Dalam Mitigasi Pemalsuan Identitas Paspor

Authors

  • Iman Wirayudha Politeknik Imigrasi dan Pemasyarakatan Indonesia, Indonesia
  • Agung Sulistyo Purnomo Politeknik Imigrasi dan Pemasyarakatan Indonesia, Indonesia
  • Intan Nurkumalawati Politeknik Imigrasi dan Pemasyarakatan Indonesia, Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.57235/jleb.v4i2.9288

Keywords:

Protection Motivation Theory; Kepatuhan Prosedural; Keimigrasian; Pemalsuan Identitas; Paspor

Abstract

Penelitian ini menganalisis motivasi dan tingkat kepatuhan prosedural petugas wawancara keimigrasian dalam memitigasi risiko pemalsuan identitas pemohon paspor di Kantor Imigrasi Kelas I TPI Jakarta Timur. Di tengah tingginya beban kerja harian yang mencapai puncak 433 permohonan per hari, petugas lini depan dihadapkan pada dilema antara efisiensi pelayanan publik dan ketelitian gatekeeping keamanan negara. Menggunakan kerangka Protection Motivation Theory (PMT), penelitian kualitatif studi kasus ini mengevaluasi interaksi antara Threat Appraisal (penilaian ancaman) dan Coping Appraisal (penilaian koping) pada 4 orang petugas wawancara (kategori Junior dan Senior) serta pejabat pengawas terkait. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa persepsi keparahan sanksi disiplin internal (perceived severity) dan kesadaran akan canggihnya modus pemalsuan dokumen kependudukan (perceived vulnerability, seperti pada kasus Jack Li alias Li Shangjie) membentuk kewaspadaan petugas. Namun, titik jenuh kognitif akibat beban kerja puncak memicu variasi ketahanan fokus antarpetugas (pukul 11.00 pada petugas senior dan pukul 14.00 pada petugas junior). Keberhasilan mitigasi dipengaruhi oleh self-efficacy petugas dalam menerapkan deeper interview serta ketersediaan instrumen diskresi pelimpahan kasus ke unit Inteldakim. Penelitian ini merekomendasikan penyesuaian interval jeda istirahat terstruktur dan formalisasi SOP pelimpahan penanganan anomali data.

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References

Direktorat Jenderal Imigrasi. (2022). Standar Operasional Prosedur Pelayanan (SOPAP) Penerbitan Baru dan Penggantian Paspor Biasa Melalui M-Paspor (SOPAP IMI-0003.GR.01.02 Tahun 2022). Jakarta: Kementerian Hukum dan HAM RI.

Kantor Imigrasi Kelas I TPI Jakarta Timur. (2025). Nota Dinas Kepala Seksi Lalu Lintas Keimigrasian Nomor WIM.10.IMI.IMI.4-UM.01.01-305 tanggal 20 Februari 2025 Hal Pelimpahan Pemohon Paspor Anomali a.n. Jack Li. Jakarta Timur: Kanim Jakarta Timur.

Kantor Imigrasi Kelas I TPI Jakarta Timur. (2026). Laporan Permohonan Paspor Harian dan Statistik Pembatalan Dokumen. Jakarta Timur: Kanim Jakarta Timur.

Miles, M. B., Huberman, A. M., & Saldana, J. (2014). Qualitative Data Analysis: A Methods Sourcebook (3rd ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE Publications.

Republik Indonesia. (2011). Undang-Undang Nomor 6 Tahun 2011 tentang Keimigrasian. Lembaran Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 2011 Nomor 52. Jakarta: Sekretariat Negara.

Rogers, R. W. (1975). A Protection Motivation Theory of Fear Appeals and Attitude Change. The Journal of Psychology, 91(1), 93–114. https://doi.org/10.1080/00223980.1975.9915803

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Published

2026-10-17

How to Cite

Iman Wirayudha, Agung Sulistyo Purnomo, & Intan Nurkumalawati. (2026). Dilema Kepatuhan Aparatur Lini Depan Keimigrasian: Aplikasi Protection Motivation Theory Dalam Mitigasi Pemalsuan Identitas Paspor. Journal of Law, Education and Business, 4(2), 1389–1392. https://doi.org/10.57235/jleb.v4i2.9288

Issue

Vol. 4 No. 2 (2026): Oktober 2026

Section

Articles

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Copyright (c) 2026 Iman Wirayudha, Agung Sulistyo Purnomo, Intan Nurkumalawati

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