Analisis Fluktuasi Nilai Tukar dan Dampaknya Terhadap Kegiatan Ekspor dan Impor pada CV Bintoro Trading
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.57235/jleb.v4i2.9330Keywords:
Nilai Tukar, Ekspor, Impor, Fluktuasi Kurs, Risiko Nilai TukarAbstract
Perdagangan internasional merupakan salah satu kegiatan ekonomi yang memungkinkan perusahaan melakukan transaksi barang dan jasa dengan pihak yang berada di negara lain. Dalam kegiatan ekspor dan impor, perubahan nilai tukar menjadi salah satu faktor yang perlu diperhatikan karena pembayaran dan penerimaan dapat menggunakan mata uang asing. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui mata uang yang digunakan dalam transaksi ekspor dan impor CV Bintoro Trading, menganalisis pengaruh fluktuasi nilai tukar terhadap kegiatan ekspor dan impor perusahaan, menganalisis dampak penguatan dan pelemahan rupiah terhadap pendapatan, daya saing harga, dan keuntungan perusahaan, mengidentifikasi kendala dan risiko yang muncul akibat perubahan nilai tukar, serta menganalisis strategi perusahaan dalam menghadapi risiko fluktuasi nilai tukar. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif. Data utama diperoleh melalui wawancara langsung dengan pihak CV Bintoro Trading yang beralamat di Jl. Sriwijaya No. C-8, Medan Krio, Kecamatan Sunggal, Deli Serdang, Sumatera Utara. Selain wawancara, penelitian menggunakan observasi langsung serta data sekunder berupa buku, literatur ekonomi internasional, dan sumber resmi yang berkaitan dengan nilai tukar, perdagangan internasional, ekspor, impor, dan manajemen risiko nilai tukar. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa CV Bintoro Trading biasanya menggunakan dolar Amerika Serikat dalam transaksi dengan pihak luar negeri karena diterima secara global dan menjadi standar pembayaran internasional. Fluktuasi nilai tukar sangat berpengaruh terhadap kegiatan ekspor dan impor, terutama melalui daya saing harga dan besar kecilnya pendapatan. Ketika rupiah melemah terhadap dolar, pendapatan perusahaan dalam rupiah dapat meningkat, sedangkan ketika rupiah menguat, keuntungan yang diperoleh dapat menipis. Risiko utama yang dihadapi perusahaan adalah ketidakpastian nilai transaksi antara waktu pemesanan dan pembayaran yang dapat menggerus margin keuntungan. Dalam menghadapi risiko tersebut, perusahaan belum menggunakan teknik hedging dan memilih melakukan penyesuaian harga jual secara terbatas untuk menjaga perusahaan dari kemungkinan kerugian akibat perubahan nilai tukar.
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Copyright (c) 2026 Khairani Alawiyah Matondang, Fildzah Zaira Br Hsb, Nazrah Anggraini
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