Transaksi Bisnis Internasional di Era Digital: Analisis Kritis terhadap Risiko, Regulasi, dan Kepastian Hukum
Keywords:
Transformasi Digital, Risiko Hukum, RegulasiAbstract
Transformasi digital telah merevolusi transaksi bisnis internasional, menggeser pola konvensional menjadi lintas batas tanpa kehadiran fisik, yang di satu sisi memperluas peluang ekonomi global, namun di sisi lain menimbulkan risiko hukum yang kompleks. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis secara kritis berbagai risiko hukum yang timbul dalam transaksi bisnis internasional digital sekaligus mengevaluasi efektivitas regulasi nasional dan internasional dalam memberikan kepastian hukum. Dengan menggunakan metode penelitian yuridis normatif berbasis studi kepustakaan terhadap peraturan perundang-undangan, doktrin, dan instrumen hukum internasional, ditemukan bahwa risiko utama meliputi ketidakpastian kontraktual, konflik yurisdiksi, lemahnya perlindungan konsumen, ancaman kejahatan siber, penyalahgunaan data pribadi, serta ketidakadilan dalam pemajakan lintas negara. Risiko-risiko tersebut menunjukkan adanya kesenjangan antara pesatnya perkembangan teknologi dengan kemampuan hukum untuk beradaptasi.
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