Efek Fisiologis Doping Terhadap Kesehatan Atlet: Sebuah Tinjauan Sistematis

Authors

  • Andes Martua Harahap Universitas Negeri Medan, Indonesia
  • Nimrot Manalu Universitas Negeri Medan, Indonesia
  • Sheren Natahsya Universitas Negeri Medan, Indonesia
  • Agrha Affandi Lubis Universitas Negeri Medan, Indonesia
  • Ananda Aprilovia Syaharani Universitas Negeri Medan, Indonesia
  • Yoel Saputra Rumahorbo Universitas Negeri Medan, Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.57235/jclhr.v1i2.5718

Keywords:

Doping, Atlet, Efek Fisiologis, Kesehatan

Abstract

Doping dalam olahraga telah menjadi isu yang kompleks dan kontroversial selama beberapa dekade. Meskipun berbagai regulasi anti-doping telah diterapkan, penggunaan zat peningkat performa masih sering ditemukan di kalangan atlet. Studi ini bertujuan untuk meninjau secara sistematis efek fisiologis doping terhadap kesehatan atlet dengan menganalisis berbagai penelitian yang telah dilakukan. Hasil tinjauan menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan doping dapat berdampak negatif pada sistem kardiovaskular, hormonal, saraf, metabolisme, imun, dan psikologis. Eritropoietin (EPO) dapat meningkatkan risiko hipertensi dan gangguan jantung, sementara steroid anabolik berkontribusi terhadap gangguan hormon dan infertilitas. Penggunaan stimulan seperti amfetamin dikaitkan dengan peningkatan kecemasan dan insomnia, sedangkan hormon pertumbuhan manusia (HGH) berisiko menyebabkan resistensi insulin dan gangguan metabolisme. Selain itu, penggunaan kortikosteroid dalam jangka panjang dapat menekan sistem imun dan meningkatkan risiko infeksi. Dampak negatif doping ini dapat bersifat jangka panjang dan bahkan permanen, sehingga diperlukan upaya pengawasan, edukasi, serta penguatan kebijakan anti-doping untuk melindungi kesehatan atlet dan menjaga integritas olahraga.

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Published

2026-03-12

How to Cite

Harahap, A. M., Manalu, N., Natahsya, S., Lubis, A. A., Syaharani, A. A., & Rumahorbo, Y. S. (2026). Efek Fisiologis Doping Terhadap Kesehatan Atlet: Sebuah Tinjauan Sistematis. Journal of Constitutional, Law and Human Rights, 1(2), 749–755. https://doi.org/10.57235/jclhr.v1i2.5718

Issue

Vol. 1 No. 2 (2025): September 2025

Section

Articles

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