Mitigasi Risiko Kebakaran Kendaraan Listrik GATe dalam Keadaan Darurat Area Landside Yogyakarta International Airport
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.57235/hemat.v3i2.9056Keywords:
mitigasi risiko; kendaraan listrik GATe; baterai lithium-ion; keadaan darurat; keselamatan operasional bandar udaraAbstract
Kendaraan listrik GATe (Gadjahmada Airport Transporter Electric) telah dioperasikan di area landside Yogyakarta International Airport sebagai kendaraan operasional berbasis baterai lithium, yang memiliki karakteristik risiko berbeda dari kendaraan konvensional karena berpotensi mengalami overheating, thermal runaway, dan re-ignition, sementara fasilitas charging station khusus dan checklist inspeksi harian kendaraan listrik belum tersedia. Penelitian terdahulu yang relevan masih berfokus pada karakteristik teknis baterai lithium-ion dan keselamatan kendaraan listrik jalan raya secara umum, tanpa mengaitkannya dengan konteks operasional bandar udara, sehingga penelitian ini bertujuan mengkaji potensi risiko, potensi keadaan darurat, dan upaya mitigasi risiko kebakaran kendaraan listrik GATe di area landside Yogyakarta International Airport. Penelitian menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif studi kasus, karena bertujuan memperoleh pemahaman mendalam mengenai fenomena berdasarkan perspektif partisipan pada kondisi alamiah. Data dikumpulkan melalui observasi, wawancara semi-terstruktur kepada empat informan yang dipilih dengan teknik purposive sampling, serta dokumentasi, dan diperiksa keabsahannya melalui triangulasi teknik, kemudian dianalisis menggunakan model interaktif Miles dan Huberman. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa potensi risiko kebakaran kendaraan GATe dipengaruhi oleh karakteristik baterai lithium-ion, kondisi sistem kelistrikan, dan efektivitas sistem pengendalian operasional; potensi keadaan darurat, menurut proyeksi informan, berupa kebakaran dengan durasi penanganan lebih panjang akibat kebutuhan pendinginan dan pemantauan pascapemadaman; sedangkan upaya mitigasi telah berjalan matang pada pemeliharaan kendaraan dan koordinasi antarunit, tetapi masih tertinggal pada instrumen inspeksi harian dan prosedur penanganan khusus kendaraan listrik. Penelitian ini merekomendasikan penerapan rancangan Daily Inspection Checklist kendaraan listrik GATe sebagai instrumen pelengkap untuk memperkuat identifikasi bahaya pada tahap pra-operasional guna mendukung keselamatan operasional bandar udara.
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