Pengaruh Pengeluaran Pemerintah, Pertumbuhan Ekonomi, dan Utang Luar Negeri Terhadap Tingkat Pengangguran di Indonesia

Authors

  • Alghifari Aulia Ramadhan Universitas Sultan Agung Tirtayasa
  • Imas Maspiroh Universitas Sultan Agung Tirtayasa

Keywords:

Pengangguran, Pengeluaran Pendidikan, Pertumbuhan Ekonomi, Utang Luar Negeri, Regresi Linear Berganda

Abstract

Masalah pengangguran merupakan isu struktural yang terus dihadapi Indonesia, meskipun pertumbuhan ekonomi nasional menunjukkan tren positif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh pengeluaran pemerintah sektor pendidikan, pertumbuhan ekonomi, dan utang luar negeri terhadap tingkat pengangguran di Indonesia selama periode 2001–2023. Data yang digunakan adalah data sekunder tahunan yang dianalisis dengan metode regresi linear berganda menggunakan pendekatan Ordinary Least Squares (OLS). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa utang luar negeri berpengaruh negatif dan signifikan pada taraf 10% terhadap tingkat pengangguran, yang mengindikasikan bahwa jika dikelola dengan baik, utang luar negeri dapat berkontribusi pada penciptaan lapangan kerja. Sebaliknya, pertumbuhan ekonomi tidak menunjukkan pengaruh signifikan terhadap pengangguran, yang mencerminkan fenomena jobless growth. Lebih lanjut, pengeluaran pemerintah di sektor pendidikan berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap tingkat pengangguran, yang menunjukkan adanya mismatch antara sistem pendidikan dan kebutuhan pasar tenaga kerja. Temuan ini memberikan implikasi bahwa efektivitas kebijakan fiskal dan pendidikan perlu ditinjau ulang agar lebih selaras dengan strategi penyerapan tenaga kerja nasional.

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Published

2025-06-27

Issue

Vol. 2 No. 1 (2025): Juni 2025

Section

Articles

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