Perbandingan Konstitusi Indonesia dengan Negara Demokrasi Lainnya
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.57235/jlc.v1i2.7050Keywords:
Konstitusi, Indonesia, Demokrasi, Perbandingan, AmandemenAbstract
Konstitusi adalah hukum dasar tertinggi yang menjadi pedoman bagi penyelenggaraan negara hukum dan demokrasi. Di Indonesia, Undang-Undang Dasar 1945 (UUD 1945) merupakan instrumen fundamental yang telah mengalami empat kali amandemen pascareformasi. Perubahan tersebut memperkuat prinsip demokrasi, pemisahan kekuasaan, serta perlindungan hak asasi manusia. Studi ini bertujuan membandingkan konstitusi Indonesia dengan konstitusi di negara demokrasi lain, yakni Amerika Serikat, India, dan Jerman, dengan fokus pada sifat, mekanisme amandemen, serta perlindungan hak konstitusional. Penelitian dilakukan dengan metode studi literatur komparatif melalui analisis sumber hukum primer dan jurnal akademik. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa konstitusi Indonesia cenderung fleksibel dengan mekanisme amandemen yang memungkinkan perubahan besar, sedangkan konstitusi Amerika Serikat bersifat rigid, India semi-rigid, dan Jerman menekankan perlindungan hak asasi manusia melalui eternity clause. Perbandingan ini memberikan perspektif penting bagi penguatan sistem ketatanegaraan Indonesia, khususnya dalam menghadapi tantangan konsolidasi demokrasi dan supremasi hukum.
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