Literature Review Efektivitas Model Problem Based Learning terhadap Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis Siswa
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.57235/qistina.v4i2.7109Keywords:
Problem-Based Learning, Berpikir Kritis, Studi LiteraturAbstract
Problem-Based Learning (PBL) merupakan salah satu model pembelajaran inovatif yang berorientasi pada pengembangan keterampilan berpikir kritis dan berpikir tingkat tinggi (Higher Order Thinking Skills/HOTS). Artikel ini bertujuan untuk meninjau efektivitas PBL berdasarkan kajian literatur dari berbagai penelitian terdahulu. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa PBL mampu meningkatkan kemampuan berpikir kritis, kreativitas, dan pemecahan masalah siswa melalui keterlibatan aktif, diskusi kolaboratif, serta pengembangan argumen logis. Temuan juga mengungkap bahwa penerapan PBL dapat diperkuat dengan strategi lain, seperti Snowball Throwing, yang mampu meningkatkan interaksi sosial dan refleksi berpikir. Namun demikian, efektivitas PBL tidak hanya dipengaruhi oleh model pembelajaran, tetapi juga faktor internal seperti motivasi, kecerdasan, gaya belajar, serta kondisi fisiologis siswa. Dengan demikian, PBL dinilai relevan untuk diterapkan dalam pembelajaran abad 21 guna menghasilkan peserta didik yang kritis, kreatif, dan adaptif terhadap tantangan global.
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