(Universitas Pertahanan RI, Indonesia)(2) Sovian Aritonang
(Universitas Pertahanan RI, Indonesia)(3) Erzi Agson Gani
(Universitas Pertahanan RI, Indonesia)(4) Ani Widuri
(Universitas Pertahanan RI, Indonesia)(5) Lalu Aan Sasaka Akbar
(Universitas Pertahanan RI, Indonesia)*corresponding author
AbstractKebutuhan akan material pelindung dengan rasio kekuatan terhadap berat yang tinggi semakin meningkat seiring dengan tuntutan mobilitas dan efisiensi sistem pertahanan modern. High Entropy Alloys (HEAs), sebagai kelas material logam multikomponen berbasis multi-principal elements, menawarkan pendekatan nonkonvensional dalam desain paduan yang berpotensi melampaui performa baja armor konvensional. Studi ini meninjau secara komprehensif perkembangan terbaru mengenai sifat mekanik, perilaku deformasi dinamis, dan ketahanan benturan balistik dari berbagai sistem HEAs. Melalui pendekatan systematic literature review, artikel ini mengidentifikasi empat efek inti HEAs seperti entropi tinggi, distorsi kisi, difusi lambat, dan efek koktail sebagai faktor fundamental yang menghasilkan kombinasi luar biasa antara kekuatan, keuletan, dan ketangguhan. Dibandingkan dengan lapis baja seperti Ramor 550 dan Armox 500T yang memiliki kekuatan spesifik (specific strength) 159–208 MPa·g/cm³, beberapa HEAs (misalnya AlCuFeMnMgTi) menunjukkan nilai hingga >500 MPa·g/cm³ dengan kekerasan mencapai 770 HV. Temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa HEAs mampu mencapai efisiensi struktural dan ketahanan deformasi lebih tinggi pada densitas yang lebih rendah, menjadikannya kandidat unggul untuk aplikasi armor ringan berperforma tinggi. Tantangan utama yang diidentifikasi meliputi optimasi komposisi, kontrol mikrostruktur selama pemrosesan, serta isu biaya dan skalabilitas manufaktur. Kajian ini menegaskan bahwa dengan integrasi antara desain berbasis komputasi, powder metallurgy, dan arsitektur material berlapis atau hibrida, HEAs berpotensi menjadi material strategis dalam pengembangan lapis baja generasi mendatang yang ringan, tangguh, dan adaptif terhadap ancaman balistik modern. KeywordsHigh Entropy Alloys, lapis baja, ketahanan balistik, kekuatan spesifik, deformasi dinamis
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DOIhttps://doi.org/10.57235/qistina.v4i2.7416 |
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