Peranan Kekuatan Otot dan Kecepatan Ayunan dalam Performa Lempar Lembing
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.57235/qistina.v4i2.7549Keywords:
kekuatan otot, kecepatan ayunan, performa lempar lembing, biomekanika, latihan atletik.Abstract
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji peranan kekuatan otot dan kecepatan ayunan terhadap performa lempar lembing. Lempar lembing merupakan cabang olahraga atletik yang menuntut perpaduan optimal antara kekuatan, kecepatan, koordinasi, dan teknik. Dalam proses melempar, kekuatan otot—khususnya otot lengan, bahu, inti, dan tungkai—memegang peran penting dalam menghasilkan dorongan awal yang besar. Sementara itu, kecepatan ayunan lengan berkontribusi langsung pada percepatan lembing saat dilepaskan, sehingga mempengaruhi jarak lemparan. Kajian literatur menunjukkan bahwa peningkatan kekuatan otot melalui latihan resistensi dan plyometric dapat meningkatkan kemampuan menghasilkan gaya, sedangkan latihan teknik yang fokus pada ayunan dan ritme gerak mampu memperbaiki kecepatan ayunan secara signifikan. Hasil kajian ini menegaskan bahwa kombinasi kekuatan otot yang baik dan kecepatan ayunan yang tinggi merupakan faktor utama yang berkontribusi terhadap performa lempar lembing secara keseluruhan. Temuan ini dapat digunakan sebagai dasar dalam penyusunan program latihan yang lebih efektif bagi atlet lempar lembing.
References
Bartlett, R. (2007). Introduction to Sports Biomechanics: Analysing Human Movement Patterns (2nd ed.). Routledge.
Čoh, M. (2012). Biomechanical analysis of javelin throw: A review. Journal of Human Kinetics, 35(1), 71–85.
Ferris, D. P., & Signorile, J. F. (1997). Sport-specific training for power athletes. Strength and Conditionin Journal, 19(5), 42–45.
Mero, A., Komi, P. V., & Gregor, R. J. (1992). Biomechanics of sprint running: A review. Sports Medicine 13(6), 376–392.
Murphy, A. J., Wilson, G. J., & Pryor, J. F. (1994). The effect of strength training on the power output of athletes. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 8(4), 204–210.
Roman, J., & Salles, J. (2016). Relationship between upper-limb strength and throwing speed in athletes. International Journal of Performance Analysis in Sport, 16(1), 345–357.
Tiwari, L. M., Rai, A. K., & Srivastava, D. (2013). Biomechanical analysis of javelin throw. International Journal of Physical Education, Fitness and Sports, 2(4), 66–70.
Ünveren, A. (2016). The relationship between muscle strength and throwing performance in track and field athletes. European Journal of Physical Education and Sport Science, 2(3), 45–55.
Zatsiorsky, V. M., & Kraemer, W. J. (2006). Science and Practice of Strength Training (2nd ed.). Human Kinetics.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
Citation Check
License
QISTINA: Jurnal Multididiplin Indonesia is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
